The Marquesas Archipelago, located in French Polynesia, is a real treasure hidden in the Pacific Ocean. Composed of six inhabited islands and six other uninhabited ones, this corner of paradise offers a multitude of activities and discoveries for visitors, making the Marquesas an essential destination. This article will take you through everything you need to know about the Marquesas, from their history and culture, to travel tips and must-do activities.
History and culture: A strong and preserved Marquesan identity
The history of the Marquesas Islands is rich and fascinating, marked by the arrival of the first Polynesians around the 4th century, followed by contact with Europeans, in particular explorers and missionaries from the 16th century. Among these, we can cite Alvaro de Mendana who gave the name of the archipelago in honor of its sponsor Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza, Marquis of Cañete.
The Marquesan culture is distinguished by its customs, crafts, dance and ceremonies, which have managed to survive the centuries despite the upheavals of the past. Among these cultural manifestations, we can cite the tattoo, traditional body art renowned throughout the Pacific, and rosewood and bone carving, whose designs are inspired by Polynesian mythology.
The Marquesas and literature
The Marquesas archipelago has also inspired many writers and artists, the most famous of whom remains the French writer Herman Melville, author of the famous novel Moby Dick. In his story Taïpi, he recounts his stay in the Marquesas Islands and his misadventure with the cannibalistic natives on the island of Nuku Hiva.
Likewise, Paul Gauguin, famous French painter, was seduced by the beauty of the Marquesas, where he spent his last years in the bay of Atuona. It was there that he produced some of his most emblematic works, such as the example “Riders on the Beach”, where Marquesan figures are depicted with a certain majesty.
Traveling to the Marquesas: Some practical advice
Before setting off to discover the Marquesas, here are some practical tips to prepare for your trip.
– The best time to visit the Marquesas is from April to November, during the dry and cool season.
– To access the archipelago, several options are available to you: by plane, with Air Tahiti which provides regular flights from Tahiti, or by boat, with mixed cargo Aranui.
– Once there, you can move between the islands by plane or boat, but for some excursions, you will also have to use a 4×4 or a horse.
– For accommodation, choose family pensions, which are more authentic and friendly than hotels, or even homestay accommodation.
The Marquesas in pictures: Some must-see sites and activities
Here is a non-exhaustive list of the main attractions and activities not to be missed during your stay in the Marquesas.
The essentials on the natural side
– Hiking in the green valleys of Nuku Hiva and Hiva Oa, rich in spectacular landscapes and archaeological sites.
– The discovery of Atuona and Taiohae berries, with crystal clear waters and lined with black sand beaches.
– Observation of marine animals, such as dolphins and the humpback whales, off the coasts of Nuku Hiva and Ua Pou.
– Excursions in the marine reserve of Ua Huka, where you can snorkel with tropical fish and sea turtles.
Cultural and historical sites not to be missed
– THE Paul Gauguin Cultural Center, located in Atuona, which traces the life and work of the painter through temporary exhibitions.
– THE archaeological sites from Taiohae and Puamau, where remains of the ancient Marquesans and their civilizations remain, such as pae pae (stone terraces) and tikis (stone statues).
– The botanical garden, located on the island of Ua Huka, home to a wide variety of endemic and medicinal plants.
Authentic Marquesan experiences
– Participate in a Marquesan tattoo demonstration, to better understand the mysteries of this ancestral art.
– Attend a traditional dance performance, during a show put on by a local troupe.
– Learn how to make flower and shell necklaces, emblems of French Polynesia.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What languages are spoken in the Marquesas?
French and Marquesan are the main languages of the archipelago. English is also spoken by some locals and in guesthouses.
What currency is used in the Marquesas?
The currency is the Pacific Franc (XPF). Credit cards are accepted in the main establishments, but it is preferable to provide cash for everyday expenses, especially in boarding houses.
Is there a time difference between the Marquesas and the French metropolis?
The Marquesas are 11:30 a.m. behind the French metropolis in summer, and 10:30 a.m. in winter.
What documents are needed to travel to the Marquesas?
For French nationals, a valid passport is sufficient for a stay of less than three months, no visa is necessary. For nationals of other countries, please consult the rules in force with the embassy or consulate of your country of residence.
Is it necessary to get vaccinated before going to the Marquesas?
No specific vaccination is required to travel to the Marquesas. However, it is recommended to be up to date with your usual vaccinations: diphtheria-tetanus-poliomyelitis, hepatitis B and A, whooping cough, measles-mumps-rubella.